The hydrogen storage cylinder includes lining material, transition layer, fiber winding layer, outer protective layer and buffer layer from inside to outside. The filling period of the hydrogen storage cylinder is long, and hydrogen has strong permeability under high pressure, so the lining material of the hydrogen storage tank must have a good barrier function to ensure that most of the gas can be stored in the container. The fiber winding layer uses carbon nanotube fiber as a reinforcing material. The composite gas cylinder prepared by high-strength and high-modulus carbon nanofiber material through winding molding technology not only has reasonable structure, light weight, high temperature and low temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, but also has good Its manufacturability and designability have broad application space in the preparation of hydrogen storage cylinders.